Tert-butyl alcohol, also known as 2-methyl-2-propanol or TBA, is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH₃)₃COH. It is a tertiary alcohol, meaning that the hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom.
Here are some key points about tert-butyl alcohol:
1. Physical Properties: Tert-butyl alcohol is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. It has a boiling point of around 82.4°C (180.3°F) and a melting point of -9.5°C (14.9°F). It is slightly soluble in water and miscible with many organic solvents.
2. Structure: Tert-butyl alcohol has a branched structure, with the hydroxyl group attached to the central carbon atom. The other three carbon atoms are each bonded to three methyl (-CH₃) groups.
3. Uses: Tert-butyl alcohol has various applications in different industries. It is commonly used as a solvent for paints, coatings, and inks. It is also utilized as an intermediate in the manufacturing of chemicals, such as esters, ethers, and rubber accelerators. Additionally, it can be used as a fuel additive or as a denaturant for ethanol.
4. Toxicity: Tert-butyl alcohol is considered to have low toxicity. However, it should still be handled with care as it can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Ingestion or inhalation of large amounts may cause adverse effects, so it is important to follow proper safety precautions when working with this compound.
5. Environmental Impact: Tert-butyl alcohol is biodegradable and does not persist in the environment. It has a low potential for bioaccumulation. However, like any chemical, it should be properly handled, stored, and disposed of to prevent environmental contamination.